Some objections to the categorical imperative from fred feldman. It can be in accordance with duty, where we recognize and do it because it is whats required, but where we also have other. Our basic human right is a right to liberty and it leads to equality. Dostoevsky, crime and punishment immanuel kant, groundwork plato, symposium in addition we will post on collab extracts from david hume ii. Fred feldman introduces desertadjusted utilitarianism in his confrontation with the most profound moral objection to act utilitarianismthe objection from justice. A longstanding debate within moral theory, and consequentialism especially. Aristotle, nicomachean ethics, from morality and moral controversies pp. Introductory ethics by feldman, fred, 1941publication date 1978 topics ethics. Dutybased ethics according to kant, there are four ways that our behavior can relate to duty.
Classical and contemporary readings, edited by louis pojman toronto. Some contemporary consequentialists have tried to develop accounts that would avoid this particular problem. Kantian ethics is one tradition of ethical theory within the broader contractualist tradition, although for much of the past several hundred years it has been the main representative of contractualism. Thus, at the heart of kants moral philosophy is a conception of. What you should know about kants ethics in a nutshell. William frankena, a critique of virtuebased ethics.
Over 60 chapters are divided into six clear sections. Ross the good life epicurus goodness as the satisfaction of informed desire richard brandt unit iii virtue and vice. Introduction to ethics by feldman, fred august 15, 1998 paperback. The theory of fred feldman is a defender of this view. The most important alternative, historically speaking, derives from the work of immanuel kant 17241804, and so predictably is called a kantian approach, or sometimes a deontological approach. Here feldman maintains that ross theory is unlike the monistic theories of kantianism and utilitarianism in. Kantian ethics massachusetts institute of technology. Bernard mayo, virtue and the moral life, pp 260 263. The core chapters cover egoism, the eudaimonism of plato and aristotle, act and rule utilitarianism, modern natural law theory, kant s moral theory, and existentialist ethics. Introductory ethics fred feldman pdf best of moral life an introductory ethics, 45 auteur fred feldman traduire basic serial port communication pdf for its asian and collectible. The critique of practical reason and the metaphysics of morals together form a unified architecture that combines the. Kant s ethics so far in our discussion of ethics we have been focusing on different versions of consequentialism the view that one is morally obliged to pursue the course of action which, of the available alternatives, will produce the best outcome. The good life the students and colleagues of roderick chisholm admired and respected chisholm. Part vi kantian and deontological systems 251 1 immanuel kant.
Liberty and equality a question of balance jan narveson. Concerning the nature, varieties, and plausibility of hedonism, new york. His research primarily focuses on normative ethics, metaethics, the nature of happiness, and justice. I try to show that each of these is problematic in some way. Johnsons chapter 2 contd a critique of ethical relativism, project milestone 1 due. In her work how kantian ethics should treat pregnancy and abortion, susan feldman argues that abortion should be defended according to kantian ethics.
William frankena, a critique of virtuebased ethics, pp 264270. It can be in accordance with duty, but performed for other reasons entirely. Morality as a system of hypothetical imperatives 301 5 thomas nagel. A defense of attitudinal hedonism, philosophy and phenomenological research, lxv3. Kants ethics immanuel kant 17241804 was a german professor who is thought by many to have been the greatest philosopher since plato, perhaps greater.
Kants moral philosophy stanford encyclopedia of philosophy. In politics, one of his ideas was what we know today as the united nations. Integrates thorough discussion of related concepts including justice, the will. Fred feldman born newark, new jersey, 1941 is an american philosopher who specializes in ethical theory. Oct 03, 2012 the routledge companion to ethics is an outstanding survey of the whole field of ethics by a distinguished international team of contributors. Doc introduction to philosophical ethics, spring 2014. He is professor emeritus of philosophy at the university of massachusetts at amherst, where he taught from 1969 until his retirement in 20. Some dissatisfaction with these approaches, however, had more to do with a general dissatisfaction with moral theory. Note that one could contend that kant has a nonrelational ethics. Fred feldman, for example, believes that consequentialism can be so structured that past events are taken. Immanuel kant fundamental principles of the metaphysics of morals ii. Ethics, published about twentyfive years ago, fred feldman presents an extremely clear and useful interpretation of kants first formulation of the categorical. The choice between consequentialist and kantian ethics is a dif.
The companion opens with a comprehensive historical overview of ethics, including. Kantian ethics and contractualism kantian ethics is one tradition of ethical theory within the broader contractualist tradition, although for much of the past several hundred years it has been the main representative of contractualism. Phl 231 social ethics course syllabus loomis, fall, 2010. Some objections to the categorical imperative from fred. Immanuel kant classified everything in the world into two categories. I first propose a reconstruction of kant s reasoning in four steps and then show that each of these steps is highly problematic. At the core of kant s ethics is a principle known as the categorical imperative ci. Sometimes our moral thinking takes a decidedly there are several things to notice about this nonutilitarian turn. Clear, accurate presentation of the most important classical and contemporary theories in normative and metaethicsutilitarianism act and rule, egoism, the categorical imperative, social contract theory, formalism, relativism belief and conceptual, naturalism and non naturalism, emotivism and prescriptive. Readers will be introduced not only to the main ideas of each theory but to contemporary developments and defenses of those ideas.
Axiology pleasure as the good jeremy bentham philebus plato what things are good. The routledge companion to ethics 1st edition john. The conditional analysis of ability, department of philosophy, florida state university. Many pleasures may be physical, but fred feldman 1941 is a.
Mar 23, 2020 according to kant, the universalization of the maxim of false promising leads to a contradiction, namely, to everyone adopting the maxim of false promising which would in effect make promising impossible. Sumners autonomous lifesatisfactionism, daniel haybrons selfful. Introductory ethics 1978 olan ve turkcemize etik nedir. Jan narveson liberty and equality a question of balance. Since the ancient greeks, philosophers have held ethics as one of the most important fields in philosophy because of its intimate ties with everyday life.
In the second part i argue that attempts by several. Fred feldman is professor of philosophy at the uni it should be clear that this is an example of a sort. On his view, only rational entities or people have moral standing. Kant, we have no duties to animals, chapter 42 singer, all animals are equal, chapter 43 feinberg, the rights of animals and unborn generations, chapter 44 thursday, september 30, justice rawls, a theory of justice, chapter 64 tuesday, october 5, moral responsibility taylor, determininism and the theory of agency. Kantian ethics applications introduction to ethics. Even now that he is dead, we continue to wish him well. Lecture supplement on w florida international university. Morality and rationality immanuel kant what makes right acts right.
Desertadjusted utilitarianism, people, and animals 1. The foundations of the metaphysic of morals 255 2 w. Required texts more or less in the order that we will take them up bible sophocles, antigone adam smith, theory of moral sentiments j. Many were filled not only with admiration, but with affection and gratitude for chisholm throughout the time we knew him. Conduct and character is a concise anthology of readings in ethical theory that covers the major schools of thought as well as a handful of fundamental topics in ethical theory.
Fred feldman introduces desertadjusted utilitarianism in his confrontation. It also seems to be feldmans, fred introdudory ethics englewood cliffs, nj. Fred feldman, an examination of kant s ethics, pp 214228. Moral luck 307 suggestions for further reading 315. You will gain understanding of specific topics in ethical theory such as consequentialism, deontology, and ethical nonnaturalism. Kantian ethics is sometimes classified as a deontological, or duty based, theory of ethics, which is usually contrasted with teleogical theories. Selfdefeat and consequentialism, forthcoming in the oxford handbook of consequentialism, edited by douglas portmore. Reading selections in the chapters provide coverage of both classical and contemporary philosophical writings, representing a spectrum of viewpoints on each theory or topic. His research primarily focuses on normative ethics, metaethics, the nature of happiness, and. Sum ners autonomous lifesatisfactionism, daniel haybrons selfful. Fred feldman university of massachusetts, amherst 1. Kant ii kant and rawls rosss formalism relativism naturalism in metaethics.
According to deontology, there are certain absolute or nearly absolute ethical rules that must be followed for example, the rule that we must respect peoples privacy, and the rule that says we must respect other peoples right to make decisions about their own. Feldman, fred, 1978, kantian ethics, in his introductory. Jan 12, 2010 philosophical issues, an annual journal supplement to nous, is devoted to invited papers in a specific area of philosophy and contains cuttingedge work by some of the most important contributors in the field. Then ill explore the accounts implications regarding the moral standing of people and animals. He contributed original ideas in almost all areas of philosophy. Review of fred feldman, distributive justice, ethics 2017, 929934. Ci1 an act token x performed by person p at time t is morally right if and only if the maxim m that p invokes at time t in performing x is such that p could consistently will that m become a universal law.
Kantian ethics by fred feldman and kant s formula of the end in itself and world hunger by onora oneill will be handed out in class. Plato, aristotle, kant, brentano, moore, and chisholm have suggested marks or criteria of intrinsic goodness. Clear, accurate presentation of the most important classical and contemporary theories in normative and metaethicsutilitarianism act and rule, egoism, the categorical imperative, social contract theory, formalism, relativism belief and conceptual, naturalism and non. Jan garrett, kant s duty ethics has a helpful discussion, lower down, about applying the categorical imperative. A defense of attitudinal hedonism 266 fred feldman. Objectivism and prospectivism about rightness final citeseerx. According to the kantian, what are really good or bad are not the consequences of our actions, but the actions themselves. In 1783 kant published a defence of the critik, entitled metaphysical prolegomena. Feldman, fred, 1978, kantian ethics, in his introductory ethics, new york.
833 164 822 1591 408 47 217 209 581 136 1486 1486 694 1488 1211 961 706 831 48 835 221 1539